Disclaimer: Engineering estimate for reference/planning only — based on a CC-CV charge-curve model, not a measured datasheet curve. Verify against actual charger/battery test data before use in design decisions.
Free Engineering Calculator

USB-PD Charger — Time to Reach Any State of Charge

Drag the sliders to match your laptop or phone's battery capacity and target charge level. The model runs the same CC (constant-power) → CV (exponential taper) curve used in the source spreadsheet, live in your browser.

2
Device types
5
Phone brands
7
Laptop reference sizes
99.5%
Practical "full" cutoff
Interactive

Charge Time Calculator

Choose a laptop battery capacity, or pick a phone by brand and model — the charge power auto-fills from its USB-PD spec and you can still fine-tune it.

Charging Setup

SoC above 80% enters the CV taper phase — charging slows down.
What the battery actually receives (laptop off/sleeping). Default matches a 65W PD negotiation at 100% charge-path efficiency — the AC-DC adapter's own wall-side efficiency (see Assumptions) does not affect this figure.

Result

Time to target SoC
109.7 min
≈ 1h 50m
Time to 80% (t1)
44.3 min
≈ 44m
Time to ~100% (99.5%)
109.7 min
≈ 1h 50m
CC phase — constant power CV phase — exponential taper
Energy delivered (Wh) — left axis State of charge (%) — right axis
Reference Data

Charge Time by Battery Capacity

Time in minutes from 0% SoC, at 65W effective charge power — for the seven reference laptop battery capacities in the source model.

Model

Assumptions & Method

Pulled directly from the source workbook's Assumptions sheet.

Charger rated output
65 W
Charge-path efficiency
100%
Battery receives the full 65W, per design/test data
CC → CV threshold
80%
CV time-constant factor
0.4 × t1
AC-DC wall-side efficiency
90%
Reference only — adapter's mains-side draw ≈ 65 / 0.90 ≈ 72.2W
  1. CC phase (0% → 80% SoC): battery charges at constant effective power, so time is linear in SoC and capacity. t = (SoC / 100 × Capacity_Wh) / P_eff
  2. CV / taper phase (80% → 100%): current tapers down (standard Li-ion CC-CV behaviour), modeled as an exponential approach to full: SoC(t) = 100% − (100% − 80%) × exp(−(t − t1) / τ) where τ = 0.4 × t1, scaled so the CV-phase duration scales sensibly with battery capacity.
  3. A pure exponential taper never mathematically reaches exactly 100%, mirroring how real chargers terminate on a low current cutoff (~C/20) rather than an exact SoC. The "100%" figures above represent that practical 99.5% cutoff — standard practice for reporting Li-ion charge curves.
  4. All figures are engineering estimates for planning purposes, not a specific vendor's measured charge curve. Tune power, threshold and τ to match a real charger/battery datasheet if available.
  5. Wall-side power (reference only): the 65W above is what the laptop actually receives over USB-PD — the negotiated contract power — not the adapter's input from the mains. Per design/test data the battery receives the full 65W, so charge-path efficiency is 100% and it does not factor into the times above. The adapter's own AC-DC conversion efficiency (90%) only affects what it draws from the wall: P_wall = 65W / 0.90 ≈ 72.2W. That number is shown for completeness but plays no part in the charge-time calculation.
  6. Mobile phones: the same generic CC/CV model (80% threshold, τ = 0.4×t1) is applied to phone batteries for consistency. Real phone fast-charging often tapers earlier — commonly 50–70% SoC rather than 80% — especially on the highest-wattage protocols, so treat phone results as a reasonable approximation, not a measured curve. Battery capacities are converted from the manufacturer's mAh rating at an assumed 3.85V nominal cell voltage unless the exact Wh is published.
  7. Proprietary fast charging (OnePlus, Xiaomi, Oppo, Vivo): these brands mostly use proprietary protocols (SUPERVOOC, HyperCharge, Warp Charge, etc.) that only reach their full advertised wattage with the OEM charger and cable. On a generic/standard USB-PD charger they typically fall back to a lower speed — often in the 18–45W range. This calculator uses the standard USB-PD figure for its calculation and shows the OEM proprietary figure separately for reference only.
Phone battery/charging specs verified as of August 2026, from publicly reported figures — new models may not yet be included.
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